PLANT CELL

This is a picture of typical looking plant cell structure.




















Here is the function of each aspects:

Plants are unique among the eukaryotes because they can manufacture their own food, chlorophyll which gives plants their green color and enables them to use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars and carbohydrates.

Cell Wall

It protects the intracellular contents, the structure bestows rigidity to the plant, provides a porous medium for the circulation and distribution of water, minerals, and other nutrients and houses specialized molecules that regulate growth and protect the plant from disease.

Chloroplasts

They able to to conduct photosynthesis, in effect, to make their own food by converting light energy into chemical energy.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of flattened sacs and branching tubules that extends throughout the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. There are two basic kinds of endoplasmic reticulum morphologies: rough and smooth. The surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes, giving it a bumpy appearance when viewed through the microscope.

Rough ER: Involved mainly with the production and processing of proteins that will be exported, or secreted, from the cell.

Smooth ER: Involved with the production of lipids (fats), building blocks for carbohydrate metabolism and the detoxification of drugs and poisons.

Golgi

They are found in both plant and animal cells. It modifies proteins and lipids (fats) that have been built in the endoplasmic reticulum and prepares them for export outside of the cell or for transport to other locations in the cell.

Microfilaments

Microfilaments are solid rods made of globular proteins called actin. These filaments are primarily structural in function and are an important component of the cytoskeleton.

Microtubules

They are found throughout the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and carry out a variety of functions, ranging from transport to structural support.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are rod-shaped organelles that can be considered the power generators of the cell, converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Nucleus

It stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division).

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes contain a variety of enzymes, which primarily function together to rid the cell of toxic substances.

Plasmodesmata

Plasmodesmata are small channels that directly connect the cytoplasm of neighboring plant cells to each other, establishing living bridges between cells. Allowing certain molecules to pass directly from one cell to another and are important in cellular communication.

Plasma Membrane

All living cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have a plasma membrane that encloses their contents and serves as a semi-porous barrier to the outside environment. The membrane acts as a boundary, holding the cell constituents together and keeping other substances from entering. The plasma membrane is permeable to specific molecules and allows nutrients and other essential elements to enter the cell and waste materials to leave the cell.

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are mainly found bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope, as well as freely scattered throughout the cytoplasm, depending upon whether the cell is plant, animal, or bacteria. The organelles serve as the protein production machinery for the cell.

Vacuoles

Vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that function in several different ways. In mature plant cells, vacuoles tend to be very large and are extremely important in providing structural support, as well as serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, protection, and growth. Vacuoles in animal cells, however, tend to be much smaller, and are more commonly used to temporarily store materials or to transport substances.